Trusted Information for Healthy Pregnancies
Morning Sickness
Mother-daughter pregnancy sickness link found
Apr 30th
Pregnant women are three times more likely to suffer from severe morning sickness if their mothers did, say Norwegian researchers,
Around 2% of women suffer excessive nausea and vomiting in pregnancy - known as hyperemesis gravidarum - which can require hospital treatment.
But a study of 2.3 million births showed a threefold higher rate in those whose mothers had the condition.
Experts said the results could help women better understand their risk.
Hyperemesis is defined as excessive sickness which starts before the 22nd week of pregnancy and in its most serious form it can lead to dehydration and weight loss because women cannot keep food or water down.
It can be extremely debilitating, women can't work, can't look after their families and they need to be admitted to hospital.
It is the most common cause of admission to hospital in early pregnancy and can be a cause of low birth weight and premature birth.
The researchers said that previous studies have attributed the condition to "psychological causes".
They analyzed birth records, which included information on pregnancy complications, from 1967 to 2006.
It found the daughters of women who had the condition during their pregnancy had a 3% risk compared with 1% in those whose mothers did not have it.
But there was no increased risk to the female partners of sons whose mothers had suffered from the illness.
The researchers said although the results suggest a genetic link between mothers and daughters, it is also possible that there are lifestyle or environmental factors shared between mother and daughter that increase the risk.
Dr Catherine Nelson-Piercy, a consultant obstetric physician at Guy's and St Thomas' Foundation Trust in London, said that better understanding of the genetic risks of hyperemesis may help clinicians when counseling women about the risk of recurrence in future pregnancies.
She said many women were undertreated because of the legacy of thalidomide - a drug given for morning sickness in the 1960s which caused birth defects - despite the availability of safe drugs.
"It is safe to take anti-sickness drugs and it's better for the baby and the pregnancy to treat this condition than let the woman get very severely ill and risk complications."
Patrick O'Brien, spokesman for the Royal College of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, said the study added to growing evidence that many conditions in pregnancy, such as diabetes or high blood pressure, were linked to a "genetic predisposition".
Source
Migraine drugs don’t up birth defect risk: study
Feb 16th
A study in nearly 70,000 pregnant women has found no link between migraine drugs called triptans and the risk of birth defects.
However, the researchers did find a "slight increase" in the risk of excessive bleeding during labor, and the failure of the uterus to contract normally after delivery, for women who used the drugs while pregnant.
Triptans are among the most powerful drugs used for migraine; others include aspirin, Excedrin, and ibuprofen.
While as many as three in 10 women may develop migraines during their childbearing years, women often shy away from using such drugs during pregnancy because of safety concerns, according to study co-author Katerina Nezvalova-Henriksen of the University of Oslo in Norway and her colleagues.
However, the authors of the study in Headache note, untreated migraine may itself carry risks for mother and child; some studies have linked it to pre-eclampsia, a potentially deadly pregnancy complication.
"While it is important to exert caution when using any medications during pregnancy, this study indicates" that pregnant women can either start or continue taking triptans without "any major risk" of miscarriage, premature delivery, or other bad outcomes, the authors conclude.
Nezvalova-Henriksen and her team studied nearly 70,000 women. Two percent, or 1,535, had used sumatriptan (Imitrex), rizatriptan (Maxalt), zolmitriptan (Zomig), or eletriptan (Relpax) in pregnancy.
Less than one percent -- 373 women -- had used the drugs before getting pregnant but not during pregnancy.
The overall birth defect rate, which encompasses everything from large birthmarks to serious heart problems, was the same among women who had taken triptans during pregnancy and those who didn't have migraines: 5 percent. Among those who had used triptans in the past but not during pregnancy, it was slightly higher: 6 percent.
The women who used triptans were also more likely than non-triptan users to take other drugs during pregnancy, including acetaminophen (Tylenol) with codeine and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen.
However, the rate of major birth defects - such as serious problems of the limbs or internal organs -- was 3 percent for all three groups. That rate - about one in 33 births - is about what would be expected for all birth defects in the general population.
The researchers did find that women who used triptans in their second or third trimester were more likely to develop a condition called atonic uterus, in which the uterus fails to contract back to its normal size after delivery. This is the leading cause of excessive bleeding after delivery. They were also more likely to lose significant amounts of blood during labor and delivery.
And during pregnancy, they were more likely to suffer from vomiting than women who had never used the drug; they were also more likely to develop pre-eclampsia or eclampsia, and more likely to have deficiencies in the B-vitamin folate.
While many women who suffer migraines will experience improvements in their symptoms after their first trimester, Nezvalova-Henriksen and her team note, those whose symptoms don't improve by then aren't likely to get better.
Source
Herbal use common among pregnant women in U.S.
Jan 26th
Roughly 1 in 10 pregnant women in the U.S. expose their unborn baby to herbal products, according to a new study.
This finding is potentially concerning, researchers say, given that data on the safety of herbal use during pregnancy is lacking. Furthermore, the prevalence of exposure was highest in the first 3 months of pregnancy, a critical period of development.
"If we assume that our study sample was representative of the 4.2 million births each year in the United States, our findings project that 9.4 percent, or potentially 395,000 U.S. births annually, will involve exposure to at least one herbal product during pregnancy," lead author Dr. Cheryl S. Broussard, from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, told Reuters Health by email.
The findings, reported in the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, are based on data from 4,239 mothers in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study who delivered infants with no major birth defects from 1998 to 2004. The 10 study centers were located across the U.S.
Overall, 462 (10.9 percent) of the 4,239 mothers reported using herbal products in the 3 months before or at some point during pregnancy. The prevalence of herbal use anytime during pregnancy was 9.4 percent. The prevalence during pregnancy was highest (6.9 percent) during the first trimester.
Excluding the 86 mothers whose only use of herbs involved herbal teas, the prevalence of herb exposure before or during pregnancy was 8.9 percent.
The most commonly reported products used early in pregnancy were ginger, which has been shown to help ease morning sickness, without side effects to the unborn child, and ephedra, an herbal stimulant that was banned in the U.S. in 2004 after reports linked it to heart attacks, strokes and at least 155 deaths.
The products used most often throughout pregnancy were herbal teas and chamomile, which has also been shown to ease morning sickness.
Herb exposure was more prevalent in women older than 30 and with more than 12 years of education. Of the 10 states studied, Iowa had the lowest rate of herbal use (5.4 percent) and Utah had the highest (16.5 percent).
"The fact that use of herbal products was greatest during the first trimester raises concerns about fetal safety, because this is a critical period of fetal organ development," Broussard noted.
"Providers should inform patients that it would be prudent to err on the side of caution regarding use of herbal products just before and during pregnancy because little is known about their potential risks."
Source
Tips for Sleep During Pregnancy
Jan 12th
- Keep high protein food by the bed. Most of the time when I'm tossing and turning at 4 a.m., it's because I'm hungry. I've found plain almonds do wonders and if you soak them in water overnight, they are even better for you and easier to digest. I'm also a fan of pre-made protein smoothies or high protein snack bars. I keep my partner awake chomping on almonds in the dark and I often find a stray nut in my pillow in the morning... but it is worth it to wake up without nausea and be able to function (at least for a few hours).
- Catnaps do wonders. Some afternoons I'm so tired that I swear I could sleep for hours, and if unchecked I probably would...only to find myself wide awake again at night. Lying down for 20 minutes seems to do the trick (set an alarm!) and allows me to push through the afternoon and fall asleep at a decent hour at night. If you're at work and can find a place to close your eyes for 20 minutes, even if you don't fully fall asleep, your productivity will increase when you return, making the break worth it (at least that's what you should tell your boss ☺). If napping at work is not possible, then try getting one in before your shift or right afterward.
- Light exercise...Ugh! If you're like me, fatigue and nausea make exercise sound like torture right now. But every doctor and midwife recommends it, so I fought the urge to lie around like a sack of potatoes and tried it. Turns out, it actually makes you feel better and less lethargic! Even a 15-minute walk will bring up your energy and can help with sleep...and light exercise will get all those hormones moving through your body instead of just sitting there making you sick, so your nausea improves too!
- Let go of the "Shoulds". One of the hardest parts of managing pregnancy sleep is the societal norms that dictate what we "should" do. Who says you can't go to bed at 6:30pm? We are conditioned to feel that napping every afternoon makes us lazy and unproductive, but in reality its what your body needs and is asking for. This is a special time in your life and it requires special circumstances...so don't listen to anyone else's "shoulds". Tune into your body's needs instead and sleep when you can. From what I understand, as soon as that baby is born it stops being all about us and we are going to need all the sleep we can get!
